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Grammar lessons

Short, practical lessons that explain one rule at a time, show it in real sentences and finish with a quiz (and, where it helps, a deck of flashcards) so you can check that it stuck.

Parts of speech

Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and the jobs words do in a sentence.

Only parts of speech
Parts of speech

How to Choose Between Adjectives and Adverbs

Good or well? Bad or badly? Learn the simple test for adjectives and adverbs, the linking-verb trap, and the -ly words that break the pattern.

Beginner to intermediate 2 min 5-question quiz

Parts of speech

Pronouns: I or Me, Who or Whom?

Subject pronouns do the action; object pronouns receive it. Learn the "remove the other person" test for I and me, the he/him test for who and whom, and how to avoid "myself" mistakes.

Beginner to intermediate 3 min 7-question quiz

Parts of speech

The Eight Parts of Speech, Explained with Examples

Nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections. Learn what each one does, how to spot it, and why the same word can change jobs.

Beginner 3 min 6-question quiz

Punctuation

Commas, apostrophes, colons, dashes, quotation marks and capital letters used with confidence.

Only punctuation
Punctuation

Apostrophes for Possession, Contractions and Its vs It's

Where does the apostrophe go in James's, the players' and it's? A clear guide to apostrophes for possession and contractions, plus the plurals that never need one.

Beginner to intermediate 2 min 5-question quiz

Punctuation

Capitalization Rules for Sentences, Names and Titles

Capitalize the first word of a sentence, proper nouns, the pronoun I and the main words in titles. Learn the rules for days, seasons, directions, job titles and family words, then check yourself with a quiz.

Beginner 3 min 7-question quiz

Punctuation

How to Use Hyphens, En Dashes and Em Dashes

The hyphen joins words, the en dash shows ranges and the em dash sets off a thought. Learn when to use each, how compound adjectives work and how to type them, then take the quiz.

Intermediate 4 min 7-question quiz

Punctuation

The Difference Between Semicolons and Colons

A semicolon links two closely related sentences; a colon introduces what comes next. Learn when to use each, with clear examples and a quick quiz.

Intermediate 2 min 5-question quiz

Tenses

How verbs show time, irregular verb forms, and when to use active or passive voice.

Only tenses
Tenses

Active vs Passive Voice and When to Use Each

Learn to spot the passive voice, turn it into the active voice and back again, and decide which one makes your sentence clearer.

Intermediate 2 min 5-question quiz

Tenses

English Irregular Verbs and Their Past Tense Forms

Regular verbs add -ed; irregular verbs do not. Learn the patterns that group English irregular verbs, the mistakes to avoid (brung, swum, have went) and drill 18 key verbs with flashcards.

Beginner to intermediate 3 min 7-question quiz 18 cards

Tenses

The 12 English Verb Tenses in One Chart

Past, present and future, each in simple, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous forms. See how all 12 English tenses are built and when to use each one.

Beginner to intermediate 3 min 5-question quiz

Sentence structure

Building complete sentences: agreement, clauses, and fixing run-ons.

Only sentence structure
Sentence structure

How to Spot and Fix Run-On Sentences and Comma Splices

A run-on joins two complete sentences with nothing between them; a comma splice joins them with only a comma. Learn five easy fixes and practise with a quiz.

Intermediate 3 min 6-question quiz

Sentence structure

Simple, Compound, Complex and Compound-Complex Sentences

Learn how independent and dependent clauses combine into simple, compound, complex and compound-complex sentences, with flashcards for the joining words and a quiz.

Beginner to intermediate 3 min 6-question quiz 12 cards

Sentence structure

Subject-Verb Agreement Rules and the Tricky Cases

A singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural one. Learn how to find the real subject, handle "each", "none" and collective nouns, then test yourself with a quiz.

Beginner to intermediate 4 min 7-question quiz

Word formation

Prefixes, suffixes and plurals: how English builds new words from old ones.

Only word formation
Word formation

How Prefixes and Suffixes Build New English Words

Learn the most useful prefixes and suffixes, what they mean, the spelling rules for adding them, and how they help with vocabulary and word games. Includes flashcards and a quiz.

All levels 3 min 7-question quiz 14 cards

Word formation

Irregular Plurals From Mice and Geese to Cacti and Criteria

Most English nouns add -s or -es, but hundreds do not. Learn the patterns behind irregular plurals (-f to -ves, -o to -oes, Latin and Greek endings) with flashcards and a quiz.

Beginner to intermediate 4 min 7-question quiz 15 cards

Figurative language

Similes, metaphors, idioms and other figures of speech.

Only figurative language
Figurative language

What Common English Idioms Mean and How to Use Them

Learn 16 everyday English idioms with clear meanings and example sentences, why idioms cannot be translated word for word, and how to use them naturally. Flashcards and a quiz included.

Intermediate 3 min 7-question quiz 16 cards

Commonly confused words

Look-alike and sound-alike words and how to keep them apart.

Only commonly confused words
Commonly confused words

Affect vs Effect and How to Tell Them Apart

Affect is usually a verb and effect is usually a noun. Learn the RAVEN trick, the rare exceptions (effect change, a flat affect) and test yourself with a quiz.

All levels 2 min 5-question quiz

Commonly confused words

Fewer vs Less for Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Use fewer with things you can count and less with things you measure. Learn the rule, the everyday exceptions (time, money, distance) and the related pairs many/much and number/amount.

All levels 3 min 7-question quiz

Commonly confused words

Lie vs Lay in Every Tense

Lay needs an object (you lay something down); lie does not (you lie down). Learn both verbs in every tense, why "lay" is also the past of "lie", and practise with flashcards and a quiz.

Intermediate 3 min 7-question quiz 9 cards

Commonly confused words

When to Use Their, There and They're

Their, there and they're sound the same but mean different things. Learn what each one means, a quick test for each, and the similar pairs your/you're and whose/who's.

Beginner 2 min 5-question quiz

How to get the most out of these lessons

Read the lesson once straight through, then do the quiz without scrolling back up. The questions are written to catch the most common slip-ups, so a wrong answer usually points straight at the rule that needs another look. Each explanation tells you why the right answer is right.

Grammar sticks best when you use it. After a lesson, find three sentences in something you wrote recently and check them against the rule. The word counter is handy for editing, and the misspellings library covers the spelling side of the same problems.

Grammar for word-game players

Knowing your parts of speech pays off on the board, too. Plurals, past tenses and comparatives (-S, -ED, -ER, -EST) are the hooks that turn a one-word play into two. Our blog post on anagrams shows how strong players use word families to find more moves.

Frequently asked questions

Who are these grammar lessons for?
Anyone who writes in English: students, people learning English as an additional language and native speakers who want a quick refresher. Each lesson lists its level, and the examples avoid jargon wherever possible.
How do the quizzes work?
Every lesson ends with a short multiple-choice quiz. Pick an answer and press Check answer to see whether you were right and why. Your score appears once you have answered every question, and you can try again as often as you like. Nothing is saved or sent anywhere.
What are the flashcards for?
Some lessons include a deck of flip cards for things that are easiest to learn by repetition, such as irregular verb forms, irregular plurals, prefixes and idioms. Tap a card to see the answer, use Shuffle to test yourself in a new order, and Show all when you want to review the whole deck at once.
Do the lessons follow American or British English?
The rules are the same in both for almost everything we cover. Where usage differs, such as the serial comma or punctuation inside quotation marks, the lesson explains both conventions.
Can I use these lessons in a classroom?
Yes. The lessons and quizzes are free to use with students. Linking to the page is the easiest way to share them, since the quizzes work in any browser without an account.